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(1945) Polar Molecules, Dover, New Yorkįricke, H. Rajewsky (ed.) Ergebnisse der Biophysikalischen Forschung, Georg Thieme, Leipzig, p. Effects of membrane composition, Biochim.
Janko (1976) Voltage-induced capacitance relaxation of lipid bilayer membranes. Principles, Methods, and Applications, Oxford University Press, Oxford/New York/Tokyoīenz, R. (2002) Atkins’ Physical Chemistry, 7th ed., Oxford University Press, New Yorkīerg, J. The dielectric structure of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface, Biochim. (1981) The molecular organisation of bimolecular lipid membranes. (1989) Dielectric properties of mouse lymphocytes and erytrocytes, Biochim. (1994) Membrane admittance of cloned muscle cells in culture: use of a micropipette technique, Biochim. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.Īsami, K. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Finally, the plasma membrane participates actively in the process of cellular recognition during the complex process of morphogenesis, when some types of differentiated (i.e., specialized) cells are segregated to form different types of tissues. The membrane of specialized cells, such as neurons, is involved in propagation of nervous signals (see chapter 6) towards other neurons in the brain or muscle and glandular cells. Being placed at the exterior of a cell, the membrane is also the first target of physical, chemical, and biological agents such as thermal and mechanical stress, toxins, hormones, viruses, microbes, etc. For example, macrophages, involved in the immune defence system, are able to engulf and destroy microbes and other foreign particles, this complex cellular process being called phagocytosis (see chapter 4). The membrane is involved also in intake ( endocytosis) and secretion ( exocytosis) of large particles. It plays an important role in the economy of the cell, exerting a selective control on the entire traffic of ions, water, and molecules. The plasma membrane undergoes continual changes both in its molecular composition and its structure (i.e., spatial distribution of its components), although during the entire lifespan of the cell its global architecture remains the same.
The cell membrane (or plasma membrane) is a thin closed sheet that fulfils a double role: (a) morphological – delimitates the cell from its external microenvironment and confines all of its subcellular organelles (b) functional – regulates the exchange of substance between internal and external media, maintains actively the ionic asymmetry between its sides, and intermediates internalization or externalization of physical and chemical signals important for cell functions.
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